A Latin American favourite, the chia seed is a powerful superfood that should be included in every plant-based diet. Or any diet in general. Please just eat it.
The chia plant (Salvia hispanica L.) is of Latin American origin and belongs to the Lamiaceae family. Its roots derive from the indigenous Aztec civilizations of Guatemala and Columbia, where the seed was one of their main sources of nutrition (1).
Traditionally, chia seeds were used in a wide range of folk medicines, cosmetics, and religious rituals. South America still uses the plant heavily it in the form of flour and seeds to prepare smoothies, oatmeal, yogurt, and even cake. These South American meals have seeped into the north, and have since boomed in the health and wellness industry (10).
They are a tremendous source of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, and are a significant source of protein. Notably, chia shares many of the same attributes and benefits with hempseed (2).
Truthfully there are many reasons why you should eat chia seeds, but I have condensed it into the 5 most important reasons down below:
1. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Since the body needs fats to produce energy and regulate physiological functions, it is wise to consume from a high-quality source.
Chia provides some of the most therapeutic fats on the planet, emanating from omega-3s and omega-6s. Its rich substance of polyunsaturated fats reduces the risk of ischaemic heart disease and increases immunity (9).
Merely 7.3 g of chia seeds per day provides 100% of the recommended intake of omega-3 fatty acids.
Omega-3s play a critical role in preventing chronic diseases related to diet. Their anti-inflammatory, antiarrhythmic, and antithrombotic properties make them vastly important as a natural food source (7).
In addition chia seeds possess 9 essential amino acids, which delivers prime nutritional value for weightlifters. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein that are required for muscle protein synthesis, stimulating both muscle growth and recovery (3).
2. Protein
In conjunction with building muscle, a high protein diet prevents energy malnutrition and obesity. This is because protein enhances metabolism, reduces appetite, and regulates several hormones that control weight (11).
Chia has almost 17 grams of protein per 100 grams. This is a considerable amount, and is especially beneficial as a muscle-building supplement for plant-based diets (14).
As documented by 113 males and females in a 4-week study, individuals with a high protein diet displayed remarkable reductions in weight loss. This result is likely based off the positive correlation between energy and protein – protein sustains long-term energy, which deters the need for successive meals (4).
3. Dietary Fiber
Chia seeds are rich in dietary fiber, which may also be effective for weight loss as it increases post meal satiety and decreases subsequent hunger.
Chia’s fiber content is greater than that of quinoa, flaxseed, and amaranth, championing them at the top of the whole grains department (5).
Chia’s abundance of fiber holds worthwhile benefits. They are especially valuable for:
- Treating digestive diseases
- Blockages in the circulatory system
- Diabetes
- Colorectal cancer
- Kidney stones
- Haemorrhoids
- Metabolic disorders
- Cardiovascular disease
- Coronary heart disease (9)
4. Antioxidants
Oil concentrations of chia report several phenolic compounds that endorse antioxidants. Antioxidants are important as they eradicate toxic free radicals that cause lipid oxidation, a process that deteriorates the body’s cells (6, 12).
Flavonoids (derived from antioxidants) are responsible for chia’s colour and taste. They provide remarkable properties, including:
- Hepaprotection
- Anti-bacterial
- Anti-inflammatory
- Anti-cancer
- Anti-viral (6)
5. Cardiovascular Health
The constituents of fatty acids, antioxidants, peptides, and dietary fiber in chia seeds exert antihypertensive effects.
Peptides in particular possess a multitude of functional properties against cardiovascular diseases by stabilizing blood pressure and the body’s glycemic response (8).
Due to the high cost of traditional pharmaceutical drugs, researches are now beginning to examine the benefits of plant-based alternatives to treat high blood pressure and cardiac disease (13).
Conclusion
The nutrient density of chia displays a high ceiling for nutraceutical potential, as it provides a variety of medicinal and therapeutic benefits.
From cardiovascular health, weight loss, and long-term sustainable energy – chia seeds are an exceptional source of nutrition.
Add it to your smoothie and you may notice a bitter hint. Yet what it lacks in taste, it surely makes up for in health and vitality. Oh, and it is one of the richest plant-based sources protein in the world. What are you waiting for?
References
1 Ulbricht C, Chao W, Nummy K, Rusie E, Colucci ST, Iannuzzi CM, Plammoottil JB, Varghese, M, Weissner W. Chia (Salvia hispanica): A Systematic Review by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. Review on Recent Clinical Trials, v.4, p. 168-174, 2009. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20028328
2 Skov AR, Toubro S, Ronn B, Holm L, Astrup A (1999) Randomized trial on protein vs carbohydrate in ad libitum fat reduced diet for the treatment of obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 23:528–536. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10375057
3 Hulmi, J., Lockwood, C., & Stout, J. (2010). Effect of protein/essential amino acids and resistance training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy: A case for whey protein. Nutrition & Metabolism, 7 (51). Retrieved from http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/7/1/51/abstract
4 Lejeune MP, Kovacs EM, Westerterp-Plantenga MS (2005a) Additional protein intake limits weight regain after weight loss in humans. Br J Nutr 93:281–289. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15788122
5 Ullah, R., Nadeem, M., Khalique, A., Imran, M., Mehmood, S., Javid, A., & Hussain, J. (2015). Nutritional and therapeutic perspectives of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.): a review. Journal of food science and technology, 53(4), 1750-8. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4926888/pdf/13197_2015_Article_1967.pdf
6 De Falco, Bruna & Amato, Mariana & Lanzotti, Virginia. (2017). Chia seeds products: an overview. Phytochemistry Reviews. 15. 10.1007/s11101-017-9511-7. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316994147_Chia_seeds_products_an_overview
7 Palma F, Donde M, Lloyd WR (1947) Fixed oils of Mexico. Part 1. Oil of chia—Salvia hispanica. J Am Oil Chem Soc 24:27. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02645767
8 Orona-Tamayo, Domancar & Valverde, Maria & Paredes-Lopez, Octavio. (2016). Chia-The New Golden Seed for the 21st Century: Nutraceutical Properties and Technological Uses. 10.1016/B978-0-12-802778-3.00017-2. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306432494_Chia-The_New_Golden_Seed_for_the_21st_Century_Nutraceutical_Properties_and_Technological_Uses
9 Marcinek, Katarzyna & Krejpcio, Zbigniew. (2017). Chia seeds (Salvia hispanica): health promoting properties and therapeutic applications – a review. Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny. 68. 123-129. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317903496_Chia_seeds_Salvia_hispanica_health_promoting_properties_and_therapeutic_applications_-_a_review
10 M, CÁrdenas & C, Carpio & Welbaum, James & Edgar, Vilcacundo & Carrillo, Wilman. (2018). Chia protein concentrate (Salvia hispanica l.) anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 11. 382. 10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i2.17225. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322934474_Chia_protein_concentrate_Salvia_hispanica_l_anti-inflammatory_and_antioxidant_activity
11 Pesta, D. H., & Samuel, V. T. (2014). A high-protein diet for reducing body fat: mechanisms and possible caveats. Nutrition & metabolism, 11(1), 53. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-11-53. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4258944/
12 Martínez-Cruz, O., & Paredes-López, O. (2014). Phytochemical profile and nutraceutical potential of chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) by ultra high performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A,1346, 43-48. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.007. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24811150
13 Veeresham C. (2012). Natural products derived from plants as a source of drugs. Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research, 3(4), 200-1. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3560124/
14 https://www.webmd.com/diet/features/truth-about-chia#1